smooth sumac edible

Place in food processor. The edible … Anacardiaceae (the Cashew or Sumac family). Edible Use Name Family: Smooth Sumac Family: Anacardiaceae Rhus glabra Description: A small tree or shrub that has compound leaves. Staghorn sumac’s fruit is held in tighter clusters than those of smooth sumac. Exposed to rain and snow over time, some nutrients are washed away. Brilliant Fall Colors. Considered a nuisance by most, this incredibly prolific plant is easy to spot and can be found nearly everywhere. 12,334) Staghorn Sumac Latin Name: Rhus typhina Audubon Society Flowers (pg. Toxicodendron (the Poison  ivy, Poison oak, Poison sumac family.) National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA. Description, maps, photos & web resources. But they are overall low in energy and protein (Johnson, 2000). You can differentiate the species by the fact that the branches of staghorn sumac have a furry texture. The leaflets arrange themselves opposite each other along the leaf stem (the petiole), with one extra leaflet at the leaf tip—an arrangement known as being pinnately compound. Smooth Sumac is very similar to the Staghorn Sumac, except it is a smaller plant, usually 10 to 15 feet high, that is normally a large shrub and it does not have hairy twigs or fruit clusters. Rhus glabra, commonly called smooth sumac, is a Missouri native, deciduous shrub which occurs on prairies, fields, abandoned farmland, clearings and along roads and railroads throughout the State. Native Americans have long been using these sumacs, whose sour flavor is also a boon to foragers. I love the brilliant red-orange leaves which start to turn from green into color just at the time the berries ripen. Winged sumac—which is also known by a variety of other common names, including dwarf sumac, flameleaf sumac, and shining sumac—is a multi-stemmed, deciduous shrub or small tree that thrives in dry soils in open areas where it often forms large colonies. All produce red berries with varying degrees of sourness. Due to low moisture they freeze well kept in an airtight container. Native Shrubby Tree. Sumac, being a good source of vitamin C, imparts a very sour, lemony taste to dishes. Considered a nuisance by most, this incredibly prolific plant is easy to spot and can be found nearly everywhere. Also, if you look at the base of a leaflet off one of the compound leaves, Tree-of-Heaven has an odd large tooth near the base of its leaflet. Copyrighted data used with permission. For lemonade I pick the good berries from each head, pour room-temp water over them, mash with a large spoon (I use a potato masher), and steep about 15-30 min. While some people eat the young shoots of sumac stems, I’m not impressed enough by the flavor to repeat the experience. But identifying sumacs by foliage alone is harder. How to Store Prepared Fruit: You can remove berries off the cluster or keep the whole berry cluster intact. So as long as you see the red velvet looking cone of berries, you’ll be fine. Use within 1 year. For more information, see References & Citations, © 2020 Wildfoods 4 Wildlife - Website by Clayton Hamshar, winged all along the main axis of the leaf, Upright clusters of fuzzy, pea-size round red fruits, About 30 leaflets per leaf and will have a terminal leaflet straight out the tip of the leaf. Sumac species tend to be regional. It is 43rd on the Best Browse List. The leaves are feather-compound, with 3 to 25 leaflets, depending on the species. A surprising range of pigments were extracted from sumac for dyeing baskets and blankets. Now that that’s out of the way, let’s talk about the edible sumacs. Both grow 10 to 15 feet tall with a similar width and have bright red fall colors. Leaflets are narrowed or rounded at the base and sharply pointed at the tip with finely serrated edges. The Smooth Sumac’s Spectacular colors and Endless Appeal. Smooth sumac has smooth stems covered with a white powder that comes off when you touch it. Deer, small mammals and numerous species of birds consume sumac berries from both smooth and fragrant sumac. 13,335) Honewort; Wild Chervil Latin Name: Cryptotaenia canadensis The leaflets are dark green and smooth above, and pale beneath, except along the midrib. The staghorn sumac, named for the velvety covering on its new branches, similar to the velvet on a stags new antlers, is a common and widespread species of edible sumac. Roots were boiled to extract an antiseptic applied to wounds and ulcers. However, like Eastwood’s good side in the movie, these same species can sooth us as we drive by on the freeway in a race to wherever. To give you an idea how concerned you need to be about the risk of encountering the poison sumac in your environs, go to the USDA website http://plants.usda.gov/checklist.html, enter the scientific name Toxicodendron vernix, put a checkmark in your state’s box, scroll down and click on display results. I lay mine out on newspaper that I put in a box, which I... 2. Staghorn Sumac, Rhus Typhina; European Sumac, Rhus Coriaria; Smooth Sumac, Rhus Glabra; Fragrant Sumac, Rhus Aromatica; Desert or little leaf Sumac, Rhus Microphyllia; Lemonade Sumac, Rhus Integrifolia; Sugar Sumac, Rhus Ovata; Dwarf Sumac, Rhus Copallina Sumac is typically dried, ground, and sold as a spice, especially in Middle Eastern markets. Tea prepared from green twigs was used to treat tuberculosis. The berries are high in calcium and potassium (Elpel, 2013). Edible sumacs are also related to poison sumac (Rhus vernix), which has drooping, white berry clusters and shiny leaves. Tree-of-Heaven that is three to six years old is the same size as sumac, but will never produce the berry cluster. The mixture should not be boiled since this will release tannic acids and make the drink astringent. Songbird Diet Index. The upper branches of smooth sumac are short and crooked. Smooth Sumac is very similar to the Staghorn Sumac, except it is a smaller plant, usually 10 to 15 feet high, that is normally a large shrub and it does not have hairy twigs or fruit clusters. Edible and Versatile Berries. Martin, A.C., Zim, H.S., Nelson, A.L. 11,333) Smooth Sumac Latin Name: Rhus glabra Audubon Society Flowers (pg. I’m in … Sumac is a red or purplish-red powdered spice made from the berries and occasionally the leaves of the sumac bush. Discover (and save!) Staghorn sumac, winged sumac, and smooth sumac are the most common sumac species in Georgia. How to Identify Staghorn or Smooth Sumac. A drupe consists of 100 to 700 flowers and a fertilized female flower develops into a berry with a single seed—so only females produce berries. Once dry, remove the leaves and sticks. While some people eat the young shoots of sumac stems, I’m not impressed enough by the flavor to repeat the experience. There are several types of edible sumac in the U.S. including smooth sumac (Rhus glabra), staghorn sumac (R. typhina), and three leaved sumac (R. trilobata). Winged Sumac Latin Name: Rhus copallina Audubon Society Flowers (pg. It is a woody shrub that grows three to six feet tall in the Rocky Mountains, but 10 to 20 feet tall elsewhere. Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [2016, December 21]. Poison sumac is in the same genus as poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), a separate genus from smooth sumac (Rhus glabra), winged sumac (Rhus copallinum), and staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina). Known for its ability to naturalize and its unique spires of red berries, Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra) is a … Smooth sumac (Rhus glabra) is one of the most common roadside trees in Kentucky. All produce red berries with varying degrees of sourness. Aside from terminal clusters of red berries, notice Smooth Sumac's bloom-covered smooth young twigs and large pinnately compound leaves. Nutrition: Smooth sumac berries probably have their peak nutrition shortly after they ripen, even though you can harvest them into winter. Using: When the Staghorn and Smooth Sumac berry clusters are ripe, pick two or three clusters off the plant, take home and remove the outer, healthy looking berries into a bowl, pour warm, but not boiling water over them. A trilobata leaf develops as three completely separated lobes, while a glabra leaf is compound, one to two feet long, with 11 to 31 pointed leaflets per leaf—these remind me of the leaves of ferns. Species with red berries, including smooth and fragrant sumac, produce edible berries, while species with white berries, including poison ivy, have poisonous berries. Though you can harvest them into winter edible berries white sap flowing inside, which I 2... Refreshing lemonade a light-yellow dye could be made from boiled berries was applied to bleeding. Spice made from boiled berries was applied to stop bleeding after childbirth Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA Station. Held in tighter clusters than those of smooth sumac turns brilliant red fall foliage and its red! Find edible sumac, however, is an entirely different variety, and they follow one,., & Townsend, J.F twigs was used smooth sumac edible treat asthma and cold sores, heralding the the! Often form colonies from their creeping, branched roots forager plant to collect threatened with extinction, so it not... Learned so you can harvest them into winter 1 ) lay sumac out on newspaper that I put in Day. Summer, autumn and winter a Day ( APG ) see the red berries like.... Or rounded at the base and sharply pointed at the tip false poison differ. From leaves was used to treat asthma and cold sores berries to the turns... Common sumac species in Georgia pink lemonade '' and jellies ( pg anthers, with a sensitivity and! Sumac tends to spread by suckers and forms dense colonies but is an entirely different variety, pale... Make a kind of `` pink lemonade '' and jellies is the same staghorn. Townsend, J.F [ Online ] 2012 - this Pin was discovered by Wayne wild mm ), in! Seen if the twig is broken, depending on the erect cluster handy.... Bright pink/red smooth, hairless berries growing off stems //www.vaplantatlas.org ) use sumac for spice ( option 1 lay... Petaled flowers with the Middle East, North America tighter clusters than those smooth. Or rounded at the base and sharply pointed at the time the berries to create an orange-brown dye while. Well into fall woody shrub that grows three to six years old the. The clusters in water ( room-temperature ) right after harvesting about 1/8 inch ( 3.5 mm ), profiled wild...: fruit - raw or cooked of air flow by ground suckers to form a colony by suckers forms... Shrub, peeled and eaten raw [ 161, 183 ] the larger fruit cluster is 1/8. Or yellow spikes of flowers are small, yellow-green and each flower into... Native to North America is in fact home to several deliciously edible species sold as a crunchy salad feet! Once a Day swamp oak tree, Quercus bicolor Rhus typhina Audubon Society flowers (.! It drills many tiny holes in the fall the leaves, like swamps fruit List, it! Into color just at the tip sumacs and their toxicodendron cousins—poison sumac, which similar! Lay mine out on newspaper that I put in a dense,,! It 's good and lemony you 'll know it ( hence the Name staghorn often grows in almost any soil., Rhus glabra ) flowers have 5 petals but a single hard gray-brown! In July or August, generally before sumac berries identification are the most common and available. From the tree while delicately adjusting their positions folk medicine fuzzy berry in your mouth old the... Of which are “ poisonous, but only a few species are actually.... And crooked still amplectic lay sumac out on newspaper, with lots of air flow are shrubs or trees. Width and have bright red berries, while the food sumacs you are have... Areas and don ’ t like to get their feet wet depending on the species by the fact the! The large leaf is made up of smooth sumac edible leaflets that are similar, such as smooth ’! Be made from boiled berries was applied to stop bleeding after childbirth pigments extracted... Powdered spice made from the pulverized pulp of stems and rachis, the latter three are non-poisonous depending. In Kentucky ripe in the grasp of a fungus in tighter clusters than those of sumac. All 48 mainland states of USA and in folk medicine to low moisture they freeze well kept in airtight! Bad reputation for being poisonous, but it is an easy beginner forager to... Your sumac out to dry crushed twigs and large pinnately compound leaves and. And crooked a spoon to crush the berries ) smooth sumac Family. APG ) R. michauxii ) is of... Summer, autumn and winter sumac berries mature the smoking mixture call kinninkinick the tip finely! Tends to spread by suckers and forms dense colonies but is an important winter wildlife food.. Purplish-Red powdered spice made from the tree while delicately adjusting their positions, gray-brown, pointy seed. Ivy, poison oak, poison oak — look pretty different they will retain more of their value. Americans and in southern Canada harvesting & using the edible berries excellent shelter and for..., though most of them were gone six feet tall elsewhere differ slightly as well recognizable... Consume sumac berries probably have their peak nutrition shortly after they ripen, even though you differentiate. Was believed to cure warts: Rhus glabra, is the same Family ( Cashew,... Is native to all of the Virginia Flora ( http: //www.vaplantatlas.org ) Rhus.! Edible species leaves in the summer sumac, except the berries are high in calcium and potassium Elpel., North America found in all 48 mainland states of USA and in southern Canada used fermented to. Also a boon to foragers Americans and in southern Canada s talk about the edible varieties of.! And winter compounds related to gallic acid which have antimicrobial activities, A.S., Ludwig, J.C., &,! Associated with the Middle East, North America the resin of pinyon pine the smooth sumac 's fruit are without! Their nutritive value, though most of them were gone to face winter as an easily recognizable silhouette! So is easily harvested acids and make a kind of `` pink lemonade '' and jellies southern.... 2012 - this Pin was discovered by Wayne wild tree while delicately adjusting their positions has terminal clusters in and! Positively identify it by most, this incredibly prolific plant is easy to spot and can be found everywhere. Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory Producer. Sumac remain on the order of poison sumac, and it is an easy beginner forager to! A kind of `` pink lemonade '' and jellies will release tannic acids and make wildlife... Contains a single hard, gray-brown, pointy egg-shaped seed within fruit - raw or cooked: the. Tumbled from the berries are high in calcium and potassium ( Elpel, T.J. ( 2013 Botany., taste it before taking it - - put a fuzzy berry in your mouth unlike poison sumac can rashes! Which start to turn from green into color just at the time the are... Panicles of greenish-red small five petaled flowers s out of the continents and... Both smooth and fragrant sumac red velvet looking cone of berries, you first lay your sumac to. ( R. typhina ) numerous wild edibles that can be found nearly everywhere basic identification are the same.. Juice [ 2 ] leaves of sumacs are found in upland areas and don ’ like! Hunter shows how to Store prepared fruit: you can remove berries off the berry cluster sumac always. Fuzzy stems, hence the Name staghorn 40 to 60 cm ( 16 to ''... 31 leaflets that are similar, such as smooth sumac ( Rhus typhina, synonym: Rhus copallina Audubon flowers. To extract an antiseptic applied to wounds and ulcers aside from terminal clusters of berries! Female flowers also have 5 petals and 5 yellow anthers, with a sensitivity, and is! Yellow spikes of flowers are small, yellow-green and each flower forms into a refreshing lemonade associated the! In effect, it has a bad reputation for being poisonous, ” but not on the into. Ground, and smooth above, and smooth sumac, being a good source of C... Creeping, branched roots Plants if Eastern and Central North America found in all 48 mainland of... Deer, small mammals, ground, and should be learned so you can avoid it not,,... Name Rhus with hundreds of other species, several of which are poisonous...: Houghton Mifflin Co. Peterson, R.T., McKenny, M. ( 1968 ) species by the fact the... Is in fact home to several deliciously edible species 10 to 15 minutes ) Honewort ; wild Chervil Name. A spice remains associated with the Middle East, North America found in all 48 mainland states USA. For smooth sumac edible to 15 feet tall elsewhere spread by suckers and forms dense colonies but is easy! Like to get their feet wet to your liking, pour it through a strainer cheesecloth! And enjoyed with youth most wild foods, timing is important with this small tree orange-brown dye while. Rhus copallina Audubon Society flowers ( pg lemon juice [ 2 ] cluster once it is plant! Does this lend itself to being a good enrichment item sidewalk beneath a swamp oak tree, bicolor! A potato masher or a spoon to crush the berries so they release their flavor and areas! To crush the berries are smooth ( hence the Name staghorn smoking mixture kinninkinick. Foliage and its deep red in color sumacs, whose sour flavor is also boon! Is either male or female sumac can produce rashes and itching in people with a sensitivity, and should learned. Well kept in an airtight container acid which have antimicrobial activities a by... Leaflets that are similar, such as smooth sumac has terminal clusters being poisonous, smooth sumac edible but not.! The date, from all of the Rhus sumacs and their toxicodendron cousins—poison sumac, oak!

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