The program outputs to date include precisely defined germplasm (near-isogenic lines), user-friendly high-throughput genetic markers (for marker assisted selection), multi-founder populations and re-synthesised wheat incorporating untapped genetic diversity. To learn more about Hans Braun’s successor and incoming director of the Global Wheat Program and CGIAR Research Program on Wheat, check out this profile on Dr. Alison Bentley. world, sown annually on around 220 million ha and providing approximately 20% livelihoods, to the role of corporate agribusiness and the capacity of Earth’s “How many programs worldwide have this expertise and meet the target criteria? This process led to many important discoveries, notably for my PhD: the nature of sexual reproduction by the crown rot fungus and an understanding of spatial relationships of genetic variation in the field. Native to Germany, Braun moved to Mexico in 1981 to complete his PhD research at CIMMYT’s experimental station in Obrégon, in the state of Sonora. The disease has now become endemic to Bangladesh, and has potential to expand to similar warm, humid and wet environments in nearby India and Pakistan, as well as other regions of favorable disease conditions. Informa’s Agribusiness Intelligence is predicting global production of wheat will be down year on year in 2018. In 1999, CIMMYT initiated a soil-borne disease screening program with Turkish colleagues that continues until today. promoted genetic gains and yield stability across a wide range of environments “Otherwise, wheat blast has the potential to marginalize the growth of rain-fed wheat production in Zambia and may threaten wheat production in neighboring countries as well.”. And, of course, his retirement plans in the German countryside. “Price spikes in basic food staples sorely affect the poor, who spend much of their income simply to eat each day,” Braun added. Gary Atlin, Senior Exploit genetic variation in wheat wild relatives. Demand for wheat by 2050 is predicted to increase by 50 percent from todayâs levels. challenges facing wheat farmers in coming decades will require the best that Q: Why did you decide to come help CIMMYT’s wheat “Each of these individuals has contributed to the improvement of wheat and smallholder livelihoods in major and enduring ways.”. That visit was the seed of my future motivation to deliver science-led solutions to support global wheat production. “One of the main objectives of farming systems is to meet nutrition of the farming family. “I was just getting out of the shower in my room in Obregón when I got a call from Jorge Artee Elias Calles, the president of the Patronato,” Braun recalls. According to the AHDB report, prices for wheat futures have been relatively stable, but if yields fall and production declines, greater price volatility may return. “In his 35 years with CIMMYT, Hans has become familiar with all major wheat-based cropping systems in the developing and developed world,” said Coffman, who called Hans Braun an important collaborator and close personal friend. This story is based on a piece posted on the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative’s (BGRI) blog written by Linda McCandless. “Nothing of this nature has happened before in Zambia.”. The donation, in honor of Borlaug’s lifetime of collaboration and global impact, was given for CIMMYT’s research on wheat diseases. Bentley expressed that she is thrilled to join CIMMYT and excited about the opportunity to harness science and breeding to improve livelihoods. pursuit of improvement is what differentiates exceptional from good, and the Job Responsibilities: Program Director, Global Wheat Program. When it started, this translational program aimed to bridge the gap between fundamental discoveries in model plant species and commercial breeding. Scientists in the Accelerating Genetic Gains in Maize and Wheat for Improved Livelihoods (AGG) project share history and latest results at annual wheat research gathering. Q: How do you see the role of wheat research in the move use large amounts of fertilizer, fungicide, and other inputs. Written by mdahm on October 12, 2020. It’s all there — but it’s a complex problem. What is the abbreviation for Global Wheat Program? Program Manager, Global Wheat Program. were talking about here is the importance of germplasm exchange, and how to fit developed and developing countries. Meanwhile, the crop is at risk from new and more aggressive pests and diseases, diminishing water resources, limited available land and unstable weather conditions â heat in particular. Q: What is your reaction to CIMMYT’s wheat breeding plan? “Eventually I worked my entire career for CIMMYT. He also noted the importance of continuing to improve nutritional content, growing within planetary boundaries, and taking farmers’ preferences seriously. A: My background is in breeding technologies, As staple foods, maize and […] “CIMMYT and its partners cannot let up in our mission to develop and share high-yielding and nutritious maize and wheat varieties, supported by climate-smart farming practices. I don’t see this as a “one-off” but the first pathologists, statisticians, mathematicians, and other scientific and technical This happened at the spike stage, and caused significant losses,” said Tembo. Financial support for this research was provided by the Zambia Agriculture Research Institute (ZARI), the CGIAR Research Program on Wheat (WHEAT), the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), and the US Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS). CIMMYT’s Global Wheat Program is one of the most important public sources of high yielding, nutritious, disease- and climate-resilient wheat varieties for Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This network, led by Cornell University, prevented a potential global wheat rust epidemic. organizing breeding being tried out in the public and private sectors that we I’m very optimistic that it’s going to help. effective. Over the coming decade, CIMMYT’s wheat program will make zinc a core trait and all lines will have at least 25% more zinc in the grain than currently grown varieties. “A successful, full-fledged wheat breeding program must have breeders, quantitative genetics, pathology, physiology, molecular science, wide crossing, quality, nutrition, bioinformatics, statistics, agronomy and input from economists and gender experts,” in addition to a broad target area, he remarked at an acceptance address for the Norman Borlaug Lifetime Achievement award. For more information visit www.cimmyt.org. While they welcome the conclusions as a validation of their Posted in News. The Borlaug Training Foundation’s Janet Lewis had a chat with Fatima Camarillo Castillo, CIMMYT’s Global Wheat Program Training Coordinator, to discuss the course and her role as coordinator. One of the things we ambitious but I was positively surprised by the output. The spread of blast within Zambia is indicated by both mechanisms of expansion. asking a whole range of experts to provide feedback on their wheat program and WHEAT and Global Wheat Program Director Hans Braun also took the opportunity to honor and thank three departing CIMMYT wheat scientists. within the context of an agronomic breeding program that’s already very What does GWP stand for? We caught up with a few of these visiting scientists to listen to our collective experiences on how we might improve not only the Researchers were initially confused when symptoms of the disease in the Mpika fields were first reported. In addition, a delegation from Tunisia, including dignitaries from Tunisia’s National Institute of Field Crops (INGC), signed a memorandum of understanding with CIMMYT officials to promote cooperation in research and development through exchange visits, consultations and joint studies in areas of mutual interest such as the diversification of production systems. “This and the recent, huge global harvests for maize have saturated grain markets and pressured prices, driving the price of wheat futures to historic lows.”. “Genetic gains mean income for farmers,” he Kudos to CIMMYT for the headquarters of the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) Our role at this workshop is to review how Valentin Wimmer, Head of Cereals Breeding Technologies, KWS SAAT SE & Co. KGaA, Germany. My supervisor Lester Burgess often cited “serendipity,” and it always struck me that what he was actually describing was not really pure good fortune, but the result of “making your own luck.”. It is nice to see that the program is starting to With the assistance of the training team, we also facilitate all the accommodations and arrangements for the participant’s trips and lodging in Mexico.”, JL: “What sparked your interest in being the training coordinator at CIMMYT?”, FCC: “As an alumnus, I personally understand the value of being part of this course. The Global Wheat Program is unique — no other wheat breeding program has a comparable impact. Written by mmacneil on February 26, 2020. Today, around 60 million hectares are sown with CIMMYT-derived wheat varieties, increasing the annual income of farmers by around $3 billion dollars. On a different trip to Afghanistan, Braun met a farmer who had struggled with a yellow rust epidemic and was now growing CIMMYT lines that were resistant to it. Written by cbrantley on April 8, 2019. CIMMYTâs Global Wheat Program is one of the most important public sources of high yielding, nutritious, disease- and climate-resilient wheat varieties for Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This was the first CGIAR breeding program hosted by a CIMMYT co-operator, that later developed into the joint Turkey, CIMMYT and the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) winter wheat program. In November 2020, Alison Bentley will be joining the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) as the new program director of the Global Wheat Program. CIMMYT’s GWP has an incredible track record of impact, delivering varieties and germplasm to support wheat production throughout the world. One CGIAR will hopefully do away with dysfunctional I am happy to give back. Close up of a durum wheat spike. Breeding programs in Europe, South and North America, Africa, Asia, and Australia have accessed material, indicative of global impact and success. CIMMYT’s specialty is to provide global expertise in two of the world’s led global wheat production in 2016 accounting for 19% of global production. A: I work closely with the CIMMYT wheat breeders The cover picture of a FAO book on global soil analysis showed a rice field with zinc deficiency, and Turkey produces more boron than the rest of the world combined.”. too.”, Written by mmacneil on June 27, 2019. Today, around 60 million hectares are sown with CIMMYT-derived wheat varieties, increasing the annual income of farmers by around $3 billion dollars. The Wheat Molecular Breeding laboratory develops tools and information for breeders around the world. Posted in Article, News. Q: How do you see your role as a research partner and Results show that projected global wheat production will change by −2.3% to 7.0% under the 1.5°C scenario and −2.4% to 10.5% under the 2.0°C scenario, compared to a baseline of 1980–2010, when considering changes in local temperature, rainfall, and global atmospheric CO 2 concentration, but no changes in management or wheat cultivars. This germplasm is distributed to around 200 cooperators in wheat producing countries worldwide, and is responsible for the derived varieties being grown on more than 50 percent of the spring wheat area in developing countries. In a landmark discovery for global wheat production, a University of Saskatchewan USask-led international team has sequenced the genomes for 15 wheat varieties representing breeding programs around the world, enabling scientists and breeders to much more quickly identify influential genes for improved yield, pest resistance and other important crop traits. One of Braun’s standout memories was a major discovery when he first came to Turkey. My subsequent PhD research and time at NIAB have multiplied that seed into vast fields. (CIMMYT) over the past 50 years. Wheat Associates (USW) surveyed industry sources to assess the global harvest situation. intensive systems is detrimental to performance under more marginal growing The European Union (E.U.) “Obregón is a really special place to me.”. The exchange, the process of disclosing a Flickr photos, groups, and tags related to the "globalwheatprogram" Flickr tag. He emphasized the need to “keep the herd together” and maintain strong, global partnerships. Not so usual anymore, but it was very rewarding. Carlos Guzman, head of wheat nutrition and quality, Mohammad Reza Jalal Kamali, CIMMYT country representative in Iran, and Alexey Morgounov, head of the International Winter Wheat Improvement Program received Yaquis, or statues of a Yaqui Indian. Braun emphasized the importance of “mutual trust and connections,” especially with cooperators in the national agricultural research systems of partner countries. It also contradicts a commonly held belief that breeding for certainly be open to new ways of doing business in crop improvement, while Written by mdahm on September 24, 2020. It also provided me with a firm view of the context of my PhD research and of how working with partners greatly enhances the value (and enjoyment) of scientific research. Worldwide, 2.5 billion consumers depend on wheat as a staple food, and in recent years, several African countries have been actively working towards reducing dependence on wheat imports. “We rest on the shoulders of a lot of mighty people who have come before us,” said Ronnie Coffman, vice chair of BGRI, speaking to a global audience of wheat scientists and farmers at the Technical Workshop as he presented four individuals with the award. we serve. “If the climate worsens, as it seems destined to, we must I support them by providing feedback on these activities. Wheat, one of the world’s most cultivated crops, requires its production to be increased by more than 50 per cent by 2050 in order to meet the estimated global demand. “The difference between his field and his neighbors’ was so incredible. program, and we exchange genetic mapping populations and genotypic information There is also an increasing “We have today 300 million more hungry people than in 1985. Indeed, your morning toast or cereal may rely upon this common grain. feedback and answer questions – or if the program wants to send someone to us The PD for GWP will establish and lead the vision and direction for wheat improvement at CIMMYT, focusing on sustainable wheat food security, reducing poverty, improving nutrition, mitigating and adapting to climate change, and strengthening of partner capabilities. “If there is a production issue—say, drought or a serious pest or disease outbreak in a key wheat growing country—then wheat stocks may not be as accessible as recent, bearish headlines suggest,” Kaur Purewal added. The study found that modern breeding has reduced “This presents yet another challenging biotic constraint to rain-fed wheat production in Zambia,” said Batiseba Tembo, wheat breeder at ZARI and lead scientist on the study. WHEAT scientists and partners are also working quickly to study genetic factors that increase resistance to the disease and develop early warning systems, among other research interventions. During the training course, participants submit reports and prepare an oral and poster presentation. The disease made its first intercontinental jump to Asia in 2016, causing a severe outbreak in Bangladesh, reducing yield on average by as much as 51% in the affected fields. move CIMMYT’s wheat breeding program to two ambitious goals: to increase the Braun’s decades of international research and travel has yielded just as many stories and adventures as it has high-impact wheat varieties. “That’s what drives me, and I know that’s what drives you Accelerating Genetic Gains in Maize and Wheat (AGG), International Wheat Yield Partnership (IWYP), International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP), Progress and opportunities for CIMMYT spring wheat breeding. Read the original article, learn more about the other highly distinguished scientists receiving this high honor, and access the entire workshop outcomes on the BGRI website. In a commentary published in the same Nature Plants issue, two CIMMYT scientists — Hans Braun, director of CIMMYT’s global wheat program and the CGIAR Research Program on Wheat and Matthew Reynolds, CIMMYT wheat physiologist – note the significance of the study. Alison Bentley, the incoming director of the Global Wheat Program at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and the CGIAR Research Program on Wheat, completed her formal education at the University of Sydney in Australia, with support from the Crawford Fund. Table 1 highlights the trends in global wheat production for the top-ten counties, as of 2016. A: The urgency is He wanted to invite me to his home for dinner. Provide training opportunities in wheat breeding and crop management research. “This relationship and support from the Obregón farmers is really tremendous,” Braun says. The U.N. projects that the global population will increase to more than 9 billion people by 2050, which means that the successes and failures of wheat and maize farmers will continue to have a crucial impact on food security globally. Do you have any special expectations this year? Seeing the impact of CIMMYT’s work on farmers was always a highlight for Braun. Food demand in the developing regions is growing by 1% annually. When evaluating elite lines from outside the country — in particular lines from a similar environment in the Great Plains — his team noticed they were failing but nobody knew why. I also came to fully appreciate the importance of understanding context: what does the challenge look like in the field or system it is relevant to, how will change be implemented and by who? areas where a lot of protein and calories come from wheat. Some of them already excel in specific disciplines, so they provide me invaluable support to cover the academic content of the program.”, JL: “The 2020 class started on February 4th. And I don’t take credit for CIMMYT only, this is achieved through the excellent collaboration we have with national programs.”. Program Officer, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. GWP abbreviation stands for Global Wheat Program. A recent article in the journal Nature Plants validates the work of wheat breeders who produce yield-boosting varieties for farmers across a range of incomes and environments. “The crop had silvery white spikes and a green canopy, resulting in shriveled grains or no grains at all…Within the span of 7 days, a whole field can be attacked,” said Tembo. This story by Janet Lewis was originally posted on the website of the Borlaug Training Foundation. Global Programs and Studies (GPS) is actively monitoring COVID-19 developments via multiple outlets, including the U.S. State Department, the CDC, the World Health Organization, our international assistance provider, and our partners. In the past, trainees were assigned to specific research groups in the middle of the course, but this year trainees will be integrated into the breeding activities starting the first day of their arrival in Obregon! have to duplicate programmatic leadership and administrative structures. Alison Bentley, who will be joining the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) next month as director of the Global Wheat Program and the CGIAR Research Program on Wheat, joined wheat research colleagues at the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative Technical Workshop last week to introduce herself and offer her perspective on current prospects for wheat research. Tembo concluded, “It is imperative that the regional and global scientific community join hands to determine effective measures to halt further spread of this worrisome disease in Zambia and beyond.”, Detection and characterization of fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum) causing wheat blast disease on rain-fed grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Zambia, Pawan Kumar Singh, Senior Scientist and Head of Wheat Pathology (CIMMYT), Batiseba Tembo, Wheat Breeder, Zambian Agricultural Research Institute (ZARI) batemfe@yahoo.com. Full title: Genomic selection in the CIMMYT global wheat program – current status, lessons learnt and a look to the future Philomin Juliana, CIMMYT, Mexico Plant Breeding & … As a new PhD student at The University of Sydney in Australia, this was an incredible scientific experience with the course encompassing field visits, lab practicals and lectures from leading scientists (including my PhD supervisor Professor Lester Burgess). Press release: Landmark study generates genomic atlas for global wheat improvement. Genetic Resources Kevin Pixley, who co-moderated the workshop, “but a constant engine already works very well. CIMMYT contributes to sequencing genomes of 15 wheat varieties . Q: There is a sense of urgency in this meeting. In addition, it was my first visit to the Central West Asia & North Africa (CWANA) region and an opportunity to interact with CWANA wheat scientists. in exchanging germplasm, particularly on the durum wheat side. they state. Conduct research to help farmers exploit the full potential of improved seed while conserving soil and water resources. Posted in News. His research focused on identifying the optimum location to breed spring wheat for developing countries — and he found that Obrégon was in fact the ideal location. Beyond the scientific learning, I remember the lunchtime football matches, social events and sense of excitement in our discussions about new ideas and future impacts. for overall yield potential, which — given that wheat is grown over a wider We hope that trainees will interact with current scientists already established in Obregón. The The International Maize and What Improvement Center (CIMMYT) is the global leader in publicly-funded maize and wheat research and related farming systems. CIMMYT is a member of the CGIAR System and leads the CGIAR programs on Maize and Wheat and the Excellence in Breeding Platform. My goal as the current coordinator is to contribute to ensuring food security worldwide through training and capacity building on wheat research!”, JL: “2019 was your first year as the training coordinator. fertilizer and chemical plant protection usage, the authors conclude that I also contribute to the training by lecturing on basic statistics, programming and genetics. “Change can be painful and can take us out of our comfort zone,” said CIMMYT Director of and Ministry of Agriculture Strategic Research Program Chair in Durum and This story by Marcia MacNeil was originally posted on CIMMYT.org. your involvement as this effort moves forward? Posted in Event, Training, “This will make us one of the world’s best breeding programs,” says visiting scientist. “Hans was integral to the BGRI’s efforts in preventing Ug99 and related races of rust from taking out much of the 80% of the world’s wheat that was susceptible when Ug99 was first identified in 1999,” said Coffman. Written by mdahm on November 26, 2020. Its popularity as a food and crop makes wheat widely studied. She will be succeeding Hans Braun, who has steered the program for the last 16 years. Wheat blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum (MoT), was initially discovered in Brazil in 1985, and within decades had affected around 3 million hectares of wheat in South America alone. I was also fortunate to have financial support from the Crawford Fund NSW Committee to stay on in Turkey to conduct a survey of soil-borne diseases of wheat (supporting my PhD research). Established in 2008 and funded by farmers , growers and others in the supply chain, AHDB provides independent information to improve decisions and performance in UK agriculture. In November 2020, I’ll be moving (at least in the virtual sense, given current travel restrictions) to the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), based in Mexico, to lead the Global Wheat Program (GWP). From these early months of my PhD spent in Turkey to its progression and completion (including international collaborations with Plant & Food New Zealand, Kansas State University, Cornell University and national collaborations with the South Australia Research and Development Institute and the Western Australia Department of Agriculture), I further learned the value of partnerships and collaboration. It’s been a fantastic the future with this effort? This finding underscores the efficiency of a centralized Senior Scientist, Wheat Breeder and Pathologist for sub-Saharan Africa & Country Representative for Ethiopia, Principal Scientist, Durum Wheat Breeding, Senior Scientist, Soil Borne Diseases, and Country Representative for Turkey, Distinguished Scientist and Country Representative for China, Head of the Wheat Quality Laboratory and Cereal Chemist, Regional Representative for Asia and Country Representative for India, Distinguished Scientist and Head of Wheat Physiology, Senior Scientist - Wheat Improvement and Country Representative for Afghanistan, Distinguished Scientist and Head of Global Wheat Improvement. important to raise genetic gain – and nutrition — in wheat now? There are many other smart people here. It values its members’ engagement and it promotes the sharing of knowledge, information and resources to increase synergy through collaboration. In a landmark discovery for global wheat production, a University of Saskatchewan (USask)-led international team has sequenced the genomes for 15 wheat varieties representing breeding programs around the world, enabling scientists and breeders to much more quickly identify influential genes for improved yield, pest resistance and other important crop traits. It’s a give and take. After 21 years in Turkey, Braun accepted the position as director of CIMMYT’s Global Wheat Program and moved back to Mexico. About Accelerating Genetic Gains in Maize and Wheat for Improved Livelihoods. because I thought I could also learn. (Photo: Xochiquetzal Fonseca/CIMMYT) In a landmark discovery for global wheat production, an international team led by the University of Saskatchewan and including scientists from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) has sequenced the genomes for 15 wheat varieties representing breeding programs around the world, … My first experience of working with CIMMYT was in 2003 as an attendee at the first Crawford Master Class on Soil-Borne Pathogens of Wheat in Turkey, hosted by Dr. Julie Nicol (the then-CIMMYT soil-borne disease pathologist) and colleagues. They’re doing an excellent job. breeding effort to improve livelihoods across the globe – the philosophy behind Looking back, it was so obvious. “I was never more scared than in that moment, and I followed the footsteps of the guy in front of me exactly,” Braun recalls. Wheat will be just as Based on a rigorous large-scale study spanning five decades having the common sense to embrace proven technologies, ” they conclude. Why is it last week debating ways to improve CIMMYT’s wheat breeding program. hybrid breeding. In the marketing year of 2019/2020, the global production volume of wheat amounted to over 765 million metric tons. genetic gain in wheat. made good progress. Responsible for technical direction and implementation of the GWP and CGIAR Research Program on Wheat (WHEAT), Hans Braun leads and manages a team of 40 internationally recruited scientists who develop wheat germplasm. Global Wheat Production. amongst our programs to make better sense of the data in the context of our own A: Absolutely. A: It’s clear that He recalled what Norman Borlaug told him in 2004, when he became head of the Global Wheat Program: “‘Hans, I have confidence you can lead the program and I will always help you’ – and how he did.”, “I would like to thank all with whom I cooperated over four decades and who contributed to make CIMMYT’s program strong,” concluded Hans. The award offers professional development opportunities for women working in wheat. and China, challenged each other to come up with a set of recommendations to Villalobos recognized the immense work ahead in the realm of food security, but was optimistic that young scientists could carry on the legacy of Norman Borlaug by using the tools and lessons that he left behind. This will make us one of the world’s best breeding programs. can use. Today, around 60 million hectares are sown with CIMMYT-derived wheat varieties, increasing the annual income of farmers by around $3 billion dollars. The world needs a strong CIMMYT.”. 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